general knowledge

A. Engineering Approbations:

R.C.C = Reinforcement cement concrete

M.S = Mild steel

S.S = Stainless steel

C.C = Cement concrete

D.P.C = Damp proof coarse

N.C.F = Net cement finishing

B.F.S = Brick flat soling

H.B.B = Herring bone bond

C.I sheet= Corrugated iron sheet

A.C sheet = Asbestos cement sheet 

D.M = Dry mortar

W.M=Weight mortar

L.C .C= Lime terracing  

R.B = Reinforce brick

P.L = Plinth level

E.G.L = Existing ground level

H.F.L=Highest flood level

F.L = Flood level

F.M = Fineness modules

L.S = Lump sum

F.I.B = Flat iron bar

P.C.C = Plane cement concrete

C.P.M = Critical path method

PERT = Programmed Evaluation and review technique

T.P.T = Total project time

M.B = Measurement book

S.S.D = Stopping side distance  

M.G.C=Maximum ground coverage

FAR=Floor area ratio

DAP=Detail area plan

BWG =British wire gaze

PSI= Pound per squire inch

G.I=Galvanized iron

PVC= Polyvinyl colorized 

E.R.D=Emergency Rescue device

B.Conversion:-

1 Inch =25.40 mm =2.540 cm

1meter =3.281 feet = 1000 mm =100 cm

1 feet =12 inch =304.8 mm =30.48 cm

1 kg =2.205 pound = 1.027 seer

1 cubic meter =35.315 cft

1Squire meter =10.764 sft

1Squire inch =6.452 cm2

1 mile=1.609 km

1 gallon=4.546 liter (UK) =3.64 (British) =3.7854 (U S)

1 mound =37.324 kg

1 ton =1000 kg =20 hondor =10 quintal

1 quintal = 100 kg =2 hondar =1.969 cwt

1 hondar =50 kg =.9845 cwt

1 hactor = 2.471 acor =10000 m2

1 Chata =720 sft =1.65 sotok  

1 sotok plot area = 435.60 sft

1 bigha =20 katha= 33.33 sotok =14,520 sft

1 acorns = 100 decimal = 3 bigha =43,561 sft= 4047 m2

1 ft3=6.23901 gallon =28.316 liter

1 HP=.7457 kw=1550 ft-Ib/ sec  

B. Estimation:-

1. a) 5" Brick work 100sft (1:4) = Require Bricks 480 nos, Cement 2.35 bag, Sand 12 cft.

    b) 10" Brick work 100cft (1:6) = Require Bricks 1150 nos, Cement 4 bag, Sand 30cft.

2. a) R.C.C work per 100 cft (1:1.5:3) = Require Cement 22 bag, Sand 40 cft,chips 80 cft.

    b) R.C.C work per 100 cft (1:2:4) = Require Cement 18 bag, Sand 43 cft, Chips 85 cft.

3. a) C.C work per 100 cft (1:3:6) = Require Cement 12 bag, Sand 45 cft Chips 90 cft.

    b) C.C work per 100 cft (1:4:8) = Require Cement 9.5 bag Sand 47 cft, Chips 92 cft. 

4. a) 3/4" Thick plastering work per 100 sft (1:4)= Require Cement 1 bag, Sand 8 cft

    b) 1/2" Thick plastering work per 100 sft (1:4)= Require Cement .75 bag, Sand 5 cft

5. a)Lime Terracing (4")100 Sft (2:2:7) = Require lime 4 mound, Surki 9 cft, Chips 32 cft

   b) Lime Terracing (4") 100 Sft (2:2:7)= Require Chata gur 1.5kg, tatul1 kg, Khoyer 1 kg

6. a) Double Brick flat soling per 100 sft = Require Bricks 575 nos & sand 70 cft

      b) Herring bone bond per 100 sft= Requires bricks 480 nos & sand 70 cft

7. Brick on end edging for 100 rft = Requires bricks 240 nos    

8. Brick work per sft & per cft = Need Bricks 4.5 nos & 11.5 nos

9. Weight of R.C.C casting per 100 cft = 6800 kg, 1 m3 =2400 kg

10. Weight of stone per 100 cft = 5400 kg

11. Weight of sand per 100 cft = 4550 kg

12. Weight of Rod per 100 cft = 22 ton

13.a) Law of per meters rod =d²/162.2  (Deformed rod)

     b) Law of per feet rod = (Suta) ²/24   (Plane rod)

14. Need dry mortar for any types of brick work =35% out of total volume

15. a) Volume of cement  per Bag = 1.25 cft  

      b) Weight of cement per Bag = 50 kg

      c) Cement volume 1 m3 = 30 bag

16. Need cement N.C.F per 100 sft = 28 kg                  

17. Measurement of upsized wood (tree) =Length ×diameter (s) × diameter (b) /2304= cft  

       Wood (here, lenth is measure of feet & diameter measure of inch)

18. a)Weight of  MS flat bar ,Angle,Plate,Z bar, Tee,1 m3 = 7850 kg

      b) Weight of  MS flat bar ,Angle,Plate,Z bar, Tee,1 ft3= 490 pound

19. Lime concrete slab casting ratio = khoa: Surki: lime (7:2:2)

20. a)Quantity of paddlu in D.P.C (1:2:4) work per bag cement = 2.5 kg (5%)

      b).Quantity Sam-seal impermo in D.P.C (1:2:4) work per bag cement=1 kg

       c) Require bitumen /Asphalt per 100 sft D.P.C work = 1^st coat 4.5 kg & 2^nd coat 3kg,

21. a) Machine broken 1000 nos picket  = khoa 118 cft (3/4" size)  & 110 cft. (1/2" size)

      b) 100 cft hand broken khoa or brick chips require 850 nos bricks

22. a) Standard length & breadth of C.I sheet = 6'-0", 7’-0", 8’-0", 9'-0", 10'-0" & 2'-8"

23.1 bandle sheet = 72 rft (Wide 2'-8"size)

24. Percentage of livable area out of plinth area = (50-65) %

25. Percentage of Buildup area out of plot area = 2/3 divide 

26 Percentage of Back filling volume out of excavation volume = 1/5 divide 

27. Rod binding work need 24 gaze G.l wire for per ton rod = (4-5) kg

28. Dry volume of concrete, mortar = 1.5 × Wet volume

29.a) Need cement of Tiles work per 100 sft in floor (1:6) = 2 bag

     b) Need cement of Tiles work per 100 sft in wall (1:4) = 2.5 bag

30. a) Standard size of bricks =9.5"×4.5"×2.75"

      b) Size of bricks with mortar =10"×5"×3"

      c) Standard bricks 1000 nos=Approx 72 cft =2.039 m3=3172 to 4000 kg         

31. Labor cost of building construction =Total cost ×15%

32. White wash per 1000 sft =Need lime18.66 kg, Gum 0.30 kg, blue 0.20 kg

33. Color wash per 1000 sft =Need lime18.66 kg, Gum 0.30 kg, pigment 1.0 kg

34. Cement paint per kg /per coat =100 sft surface

35. Weather coat per kg /per coat =150 sft surface

36 Synthetic enamel (primer) per liter/ per coat =125 sft surface

37. Synthetic enamel (paint) per liter/ per coat =180 sft surface.

38. Distemper (primer) per liter/ per coat =125 sft surface.

39 Distemper (paint) per liter/ per coat =220 sft surface.

40. Plastic (primer) per liter/ per coat =125 sft surface.

41. Plastic (paint) per liter/ per coat =160 sft surface.

42.1 gallon of plastic emulsion/synthetic enamel paint covers 300 sft of new surface

49. 1 gallon of distemper covers 250 sft of new surface

50 1 tin (40 kg) of cement paint covers 2475 sft surface

49.1 mound of slaked lime or surki =2.25 cft

49. 950 rft of barbed wire (12 BWG) = 1 cwt =0.508 quintal =1 handor = 50.8 kg

C. Costing:-

D. Civil Design:-

01. Per hook length of MS ber= 10D

02. Per nos straight rod length with both side hook =L+20D

03. Per nos Crank Bar length with 2 crank & both side hook =L+2×0.5d+20D

04. Per nos Stirrup length =2(A+B) +3 inch

05. Need degree of Crank Bar = 45 degree

06. Per nos Crank Bar length & distance =0.45d & 30 feet

07. Lap consider length =20'-0" to up

08. Lap length of tensile & compression zone without hook = 30D& 24D

09. Lap length of tensile & compression zone with hook = 60D & 44D

10. Actual size of normal bricks = 9.5"×4.5"×2.75”, (24.2 cm ×11.4cm×7cm)

11. Normal bricks size with mortar = 10"×5"×3", (25.4 cm ×12.7cm×7.6cm)

12. Normal crank cone =45˚

13. Column crank ratio = 1:12

14. Circular column tie rod length = λ (D-2×covering) +hook 

15. Spiral rod length =Nλ (D+d) +8d

E. Construction:-

Shuttering Vertical member & horizontal member = Proof & Dacha

Cement primary & final setting time =30 min & 24 hour

Enamel paint useable area of grill, railing, steel door & window, all types of steel section, wooden section, kitchen, Bath.

Plastic paint useable area of all types of Interior wall.

Distemper paint useable area Room & verandah Ceiling.

Cement Paint useable area of exterior wall & ceiling.

Weather Coat useable area of exterior wall & ceiling.

Slope ratio of west water line=1 inch per 20 feet

Slope ratio of soil line=1 inch per 30 feet

Soil, west water, rain water vertical line normally use 4"dia uPVC pipe

Sanitary vertical gas & horizontal west water line normally use 2"dia uPVC pipe

Under ground Sanitary line normally use (6-12)" dia R.C.C / PVC pipe

Overhead tank use normally input 1.5", delivery 3", overflow 1.5", wind 1/2",& wash 2" dia G.I / Pvc thread pipe .

Water  Reserve tank use normally input 2", delivery 2", overflow 1"& wash 2" dia G.I / Pvc thread pipe                                           

C.Setback Role:-

Sl No	Plot Size	Minimum Setback
		Front (meter)	Back (meter)	Side (meter)
01	Up to 2 Catha (1440 sft)	1.50	1.00	0.80
02	Over 2 chata to 3 catha (2160 sft)	1.50	1.00	1.00
03	Over 3 chata to 4 catha (2880 sft)	1.50	1.50	1.00
04	Over 4 chata to 20 catha (3,000-14,400 sft)	1.50	2.00	1.25
05	Over 20 catha (Up to 10 storied)	1.50	2.00	1.50
06	Over 20 catha (Over 10 storied)	1.50	3.00	3.00

D. FAR& MGC Calculation:-   For Residential Building

Sl No	Plot Size	Wide of   Road (Meter)	FAR	MGC (%)
01	Up to 2 Catha (1440 sft)	6.00	3.15	67.50
02	Over 2 chata to 3 catha (2160 sft)	6.00	3.35	65.00
03	Over 3 chata to 4 catha (2880 sft)	6.00	3.50	62.50
04	Over 4 chata to 5 catha (3600 sft)	6.00	3.50	62.50
05	Over 5 chata to 6 catha (3600 sft)	6.00	3.75	60.00
06	Over 6 chata to 7 catha (3600 sft))	6.00	3.75	60.00
07	Over 7 chata to 8 catha (3600 sft))	6.0	4.00	60.00
08	Over 8 chata to 9 catha (3600 sft))	6.00	4.00	60.00
09	Over 9 chata to 10 catha (3600 sft))	6.00	4.25	57.50
10	Over 10 chata to 12 catha (3600 sft)	9.00	4.50	57.50
11	Over 12 chata to 14 catha (3600 sft)	9.00	4.75	55.00
12	Over 14 chata to 16 catha (3600 sft)	9.00	5.00	52.50
13	Over 16 chata to 18 catha (3600 sft)	9.00	5.25	52.50
14	Over 18 chata to 20 catha (3600 sft)	9.00	5.25	50.00
15	Over 20 catha (Over 10 storied)	12.00	5.50	50.00
16	Infinities	18.00	6.00	50.00
17	Infinities	24.00	6.50	50.00

E. Analysis:-

Analysis for R.C.C work (1:1.5:3) (Stone Chips)

Considering=100Cft of work

1. Portland Cement   22 bag @Tk.370.00=8,140.00

2. Stone chips           82 cft @ Tk.100.00=8,200.00

3. Syllet Sand            25 cft @ Tk.20.00=500.00

4. Local Sand             16 cft @ Tk.12.00=192.00

Cubic feet to Square feet Convertion Table

1 cubic feet =	1 ft2	1 ft2 =	1 cubic feet
2 cubic feet =	1.5874 ft2	2 ft2 =	2.8284 cubic feet
3 cubic feet =	2.0801 ft2	3 ft2 =	5.1962 cubic feet
4 cubic feet =	2.5198 ft2	4 ft2 =	8 cubic feet
5 cubic feet =	2.924 ft2	5 ft2 =	11.1803 cubic feet
6 cubic feet =	3.3019 ft2	6 ft2 =	14.6969 cubic feet
7 cubic feet =	3.6593 ft2	7 ft2 =	18.5203 cubic feet
8 cubic feet =	4 ft2	8 ft2 =	22.6274 cubic feet
9 cubic feet =	4.3267 ft2	9 ft2 =	27 cubic feet
10 cubic feet =	4.6416 ft2	10 ft2 =	31.6228 cubic feet
11 cubic feet =	4.9461 ft2	11 ft2 =	36.4829 cubic feet
12 cubic feet =	5.2415 ft2	12 ft2 =	41.5692 cubic feet
13 cubic feet =	5.5288 ft2	13 ft2 =	46.8722 cubic feet
14 cubic feet =	5.8088 ft2	14 ft2 =	52.3832 cubic feet
15 cubic feet =	6.0822 ft2	15 ft2 =	58.0948 cubic feet
16 cubic feet =	6.3496 ft2	16 ft2 =	64 cubic feet
17 cubic feet =	6.6115 ft2	17 ft2 =	70.0928 cubic feet
18 cubic feet =	6.8683 ft2	18 ft2 =	76.3675 cubic feet
19 cubic feet =	7.1204 ft2	19 ft2 =	82.8191 cubic feet
20 cubic feet =	7.3681 ft2	20 ft2 =	89.4427 cubic feet
21 cubic feet =	7.6117 ft2	21 ft2 =	96.2341 cubic feet
22 cubic feet =	7.8514 ft2	22 ft2 =	103.1891 cubic feet
23 cubic feet =	8.0876 ft2	23 ft2 =	110.3041 cubic feet
24 cubic feet =	8.3203 ft2	24 ft2 =	117.5755 cubic feet
25 cubic feet =	8.5499 ft2	25 ft2 =	125 cubic feet
26 cubic feet =	8.7764 ft2	26 ft2 =	132.5745 cubic feet
27 cubic feet =	9 ft2	27 ft2 =	140.2961 cubic feet
28 cubic feet =	9.2209 ft2	28 ft2 =	148.1621 cubic feet
29 cubic feet =	9.4391 ft2	29 ft2 =	156.1698 cubic feet
30 cubic feet =	9.6549 ft2	30 ft2 =	164.3168 cubic feet